Plastic line of the world, the full implementation of the automobile lightweight
Many parts on the car, such as: bumper, wheel cover, license plate, dashboard, door, knob, and even the engine cover, air intake system, etc., are used as raw materials for plastic. With the strengthening of energy-saving emission reduction and safety performance requirements, the lightweight design of the car is also a common occurrence, the importance of "plastic steel" is also reflected in the most.
How to realize the lightweight of automobile
For the lightweight of automobile, mainly from the automotive design and manufacturing process improvement, improve the strength of the material, the use of lightweight materials in four aspects to replace the existing material, the use of lightweight materials to replace the existing materials is the main direction of the current development.
The proportion of 0.9-1.6 in general plastics, glass fiber reinforced composite materials in the proportion of less than 2, and the A3 steel is 7.6, brass 8.4, aluminum 2.7, therefore, although the plastic in strength than carbon fiber and metal materials, but the proportion is the best lightweight plastic effect. In addition, the use of plastic can reduce the weight of about 40% of auto parts, car power, comfort and security has been enhanced, the future of its innovative applications are likely to subvert the traditional car.
Common plastic parts for automobiles
From the type of material:
Polyamide (PA) materials are mainly used in power, chassis parts and components, accounting for 20% of the total vehicle plastic;
Polycarbonate, poly formaldehyde, modified polystyrene ether and thermoplastic polyester and other materials mainly used in electronic and electrical components and structural parts, accounting for about 15% of the whole vehicle plastic;
Modified polystyrene ether (MPPO) and ABS engineering plastics and its alloy materials are mainly used in internal and external decoration parts, with the improvement of the grade of the vehicle, the application of engineering plastics is increased, the proportion of ABS and its alloy is increased;
The long glass fiber reinforced composite material can be used for replacing the metal outer decorative element, and the impact force on the body of the outer object (including pedestrians) is reduced.
Automobile lightweight application example
Automobile bumper
We are now in the daily life before and after the bumper, just a part of the true sense of the bumper, front bumper for example, the real bumper made of plastic bumper shell, the front bumper beam and about two energy absorbing box and other installation components, including plastic bumper shell is that we often say that the front bumper of the oral. Then, the plastic material of such an important position, is not the so-called jerry.
Before and after the bumper position is the highest probability of collision scratch, not rupture of the elastic plastic can make bumper under less severe impact, but also dented can be restored. And the metal is not able to restore their own, must be sheet metal. If the scratch, plastic paint will not rust. In addition, can also play a role in the protection of pedestrians, if the bumper with high strength materials, hit people will be serious damage to the man-made, while the relative impact of the plastic will be much smaller.
Bumper commonly used materials commonly used in polymer bumper is composed of three layers: panel material is with PP, PE/ABS, PC/PBT; skeleton material is wood, metal; in the middle is PP foam material or PU foam material.
Our country at present is most commonly used (modified) toughened polypropylene (PP), polyurethane (PU) is internationally recognized as the most suitable raw materials for manufacturing automobile bumper, such as BMW, Mercedes, TOYOTA and Honda and other major car manufacturers use this material to make bumper.
Hood
At present, there are three main types of reinforced plastics used in engine cover: glass fiber reinforced nylon (GF-PA), long glass fiber reinforced polypropylene (LFT-PP) and mineral reinforced polypropylene plastic (M-PP).
GF-PA has excellent high temperature resistance, aging resistance and good mechanical properties, but high performance with high cost, suitable for high-end automotive products;
LFT-PP material has good mechanical properties, and the production process is simple, low cost, applicable to the end of the car products;
M-PP material is more suitable for the lower temperature requirements of small displacement automobile products.
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